Clinically, patients often ask me before surgery, "Will it be painful to have the operation?" Pain is a subjective feeling, however. Usually, physicians can only rely on patient feedback experience of the same type of surgery in the past to make an assessment. In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, the public for medical quality requirements are also higher and higher, so medical professionals have been trying to research and develop new "pain control" methods. The latest concept reveals that "pain relief" should not be controlled singly, but multimodal should be adopted.

例如傳統術後患者，多數會採用嗎啡藥物單一方式止痛，但卻常有嘔吐、噁心等副作用，而「多重模式止痛」則集結傳統嗎啡、消炎止痛藥物、超音波導引神經阻斷等方法，針對個人不同生理條件、手術部位，施予最好的止痛效果，且副作用較傳統輕微。

（國泰麻醉科-李欣恩醫師 提供）

It is a wrong idea to endure postoperative pain. In clinical cases of medical professions, patients often complain about pain after the operation. However, they are unwilling to accept pain control, which leads to various sequelae such as acute pain evolves into chronic pain. They don’t want to move after surgery and delay the time of rehabilitation, which leads to slow recovery. In severe cases, they even stimulate sympathetic nerve excitement because of pain, leading to blood pressure, rise in high blood pressure and stroke, and even die of sudden myocardial infarction.

The above situation indicates that pain is a warning sign from the body. If patients neglect, it is likely to become a fuse to ignite a health crisis. Therefore, well-planned postoperative pain control should also include in the items of communication and evaluation with doctors before the operation.(courtesy of Dr. Xinen Li, Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital)

依據多年臨床經驗觀察，許多剛結束手術的患者，在麻醉退去、全身清醒後，過了一到兩天還遲遲不敢下床走動，就怕一舉手抬足，會拉扯到傷口引發劇烈的疼痛感。實際上，術後24小時後，就可嘗試儘早下床活動，除了能增加腸胃蠕動、幫助排氣，也能預防肺炎，更能早期開始術後復健，對患者的術後復原有益無害。以膝關節手術舉例，良好的疼痛控制更是必須，因為患者於術後就要開始做復健，若因懼怕疼痛沒有做復健，便會直接影響到後續膝關節的復原。

所以，術後的疼痛控制是現今治療上非常重要的一環。依據多年臨床經驗觀察，許多剛結束手術的患者，在麻醉退去、全身清醒後，過了一到兩天還遲遲不敢下床走動，就怕一舉手抬足，會拉扯到傷口引發劇烈的疼痛感。實際上，術後24小時後，就可嘗試儘早下床活動，除了能增加腸胃蠕動、幫助排氣，也能預防肺炎，更能早期開始術後復健，對患者的術後復原有益無害。以膝關節手術舉例，良好的疼痛控制更是必須，因為患者於術後就要開始做復健，若因懼怕疼痛沒有做復健，便會直接影響到後續膝關節的復原。所以，術後的疼痛控制是現今治療上非常重要的一環。（國泰麻醉科-李欣恩醫師 提供）

Pain is subjective. Doctors will rate your pain out of 10. 0 means no pain, 10 means severe pain. The patient is asked to fill in the form and the doctor will do the assessment.

原則上臨床進行疼痛控制評估，還是會以病人主觀感受為主，其次麻醉醫師還會透過觀察心跳、血壓等數值，去進一步分析，來施予合適的止痛方式。

（國泰麻醉科-李欣恩醫師 提供）

There are three kinds of clinical analgesic methods: oral analgesic, intramuscular or intravenous analgesia, and patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Among them, oral administration has long-term and short-term effects. Intramuscular or intravenous analgesia also has short-term and long-term analgesic effects up to seven days. And there are two types of self-controlled analgesia: intravenous injection and epidural injection.

At present, postoperative pain relief methods and drugs are quite diverse, each of which has different applicable situations and side effects. It still requires the advice of a professional physician before use. Consider that each patient's physique, physical condition, and surgical methods are different. Therefore, the professionally trained attending physicians in the postoperative pain relief team of various hospitals should provide the best professional choice for the specific postoperative condition based on the evaluation results!

（國泰麻醉科-李欣恩醫師 提供）